After the maintenance season in Asian refineries comes to an end, the return to normal operating rates supports the contango quotes for transshipped crude oils such as ESPO, Dubai, and Oman; meanwhile, fluctuations in long-haul freight and insurance costs increase the variability in landed costs.

The SNSUC crude oil transshipment trading floor covers seven major varieties—ESPO, Dubai, Oman, Urals, Basrah Light, Bonny Light, and Lula—and facilitates transactions through posted prices plus premiums or discounts. It also leverages blockchain for evidence and digital warehouse receipts to assist smaller refineries in locking in deliverable supplies amid volatile markets.